Here are some recent skin cancer headlines:
If your kids are very light skinned (not redheads) and they tan, they are at higher risk for developing more
nevi (birthmarks,
moles, colored skin spots) than kids who don't tan. Why is this of
concern? Well the number and size of nevi are used for determining the
risk of developing melanoma.
And in fact, numerous benign or atypical nevi are considered a strong
risk factor for melanoma. Researchers have concluded that UV tanning in
non-redhead children with the lightest skin pigmentation promotes nevus
development. If this describes your child - avoid this risk by making
sure they always use sun block and reapply it during the day.
The National Institute of Health has identified a new group of genetic mutations that are involved in melanoma.
Some of the newly identified mutations were found in nearly 20% or
melanoma cases. Better yet, there is a drug approved for certain types
of breast cancer that target this gene. The
PTK family of genes
contains many genes that when mutated, promote a variety of cancers
(including certain breast cancers, melanoma). Research will now
continue to identify more drugs that directly battle these genetic
mutations.
For a largely unknown reason, melanoma is
much more common among women than men under age 40. Between ages 40 to
50, the incidence is pretty similar for both groups. Over age 50, the
incidence of melanoma skews to men. Researchers have recently reported
that a specific genetic mutation leads to a nearly
four-fold increase of melanoma in women under age 50. The gene is called
MDM2
and its activity is associated with estrogen, hence the disparity
between men and women's incidence of melanoma in the below 50 age
group. The gene's risk impact may be even more profound than blistering
sunburns, freckles and even a family history of melanoma. If
scientists could develop a genetic test to identify this specific gene
mutation, then many pre-menopausal (younger) women would be aware of
their risk. That awareness could lead to close scrutiny, frequent skin
evaluations by a dermatologist and early intervention and treatment,
which is crucial to a positive outcome in this deadly disease. Drugs could
also be developed to target this gene mutation. More than 62,000
people get diagnosed with melanoma yearly and over 8,000 patients die
yearly.